Followers

Showing posts with label Evangelion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Evangelion. Show all posts

Saturday, September 2, 2017

The Stavros Collection - More MSS at Jerusalem

            Among the manuscripts kept by the Jerusalem Patriarchate is the Hagios Stavros collection, which formerly (as far as I can tell) was housed on Cyprus.  Images of those manuscripts, except for some relatively young copies, have been released by the Library of Congress. (The images, taken in 1949-1950 by an expedition led by Kenneth W. Clark, are mostly from microfilm.)  Of the 90 photographed manuscripts, 16 contain substantial portions of the New Testament. Here is a list of the New Testament manuscripts in the Hagios Stavros (“Holy Cross”) collection, with embedded links to their online page-views:
This page of GA 1895 has
patristic commentary along
with the text.
Acts 28:29 is included.

GA 1350:  Hagios Stavros 46 – Four Gospels (1100’s, 1300’s) This was catalogued as an Evangelion, but it is a continuous-text manuscript of the four Gospels.  Beginning of MatthewBeginning of MarkBeginning of Luke. Beginning of John
GA 1351:  Hagios Stavros 74 – Gospels (900’s) (Damaged; begins with Mark)
            Beginning of LukeBeginning of John.  (Arabic note precedes the chapter-list for John.)
            (Damaged at the end; last page with text ends near the end of John 5:4.)
GA 1895:  Hagios Stavros 25 – Acts and General Epistles, with Commentary (800’s/900’s) The commentary includes excerpts from the writings of Athanasius, John Chrysostom, Cyril of Alexandria, Basil of Caesarea, and others.  Scripture-texts, interspersed with the commentary, are indented and accompanied by diple-marks (>) in the margin.  Beginning of James

Lectionaries:
Hagios Stavros 26 – Evangelion (1000’s) Greek-Arabic in parallel columns
Hagios Stavros 67 – Apostolos (1000’s) An interesting copy with sporadic notes in the margin.

Also of note:
Hagios Stavros 96 – Psalter (800’s) This manuscript, written in a sloping uncial script, has an abundance of marginalia.    

Some of these manuscripts have not received much attention from researchers.  A few research-papers might be just waiting to happen as a result of the availability of these images.



Friday, September 1, 2017

Seventy-seven Manuscripts from Jerusalem

The Mar Saba Monastery
            In the year 483, a monk named Sabbas founded a monastery about eight miles east of Bethlehem in the rugged Kidron ValleyThis monastery – the Holy Lavra of Saint Sabbas the Sanctified – gradually grew into a highly influential theological center.  John of Damascus worked there, and his tomb is there.  Although the premises were temporarily abandoned in the 1400’s due to constant raids by nearby nomadic tribes, it was reactivated, and in 1625 formally joined the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem.
            Much of the manuscript collection of the Saint Sabbas Monastery is presently housed in Jerusalem.  In 1949-1950, an expedition led by Kenneth W. Clark visited the collections overseen by the Jerusalem Patriarchate, and photographed almost all of their manuscripts.  The Library of Congress recently released the photographs of these images online, making them freely available.  Many of these manuscripts consist of copies of the Psalms, saints’ biographies, history books, patristic compositions, liturgical texts, and even an occasional work by an ancient Greek author, such as Aristotle.  The collections also include some New Testament manuscripts.
            The New Testament manuscripts from the Saint Sabbas Collection are listed here, with embedded links to images of each manuscript.  

The headpiece of Matthew
in GA 1335 (Sabas 248)
GA 1335:  Hagios Sabas 248 - Four Gospels (The Gospel of Matthew in this manuscript has one of the strangest headpieces I have ever seen.)
GA 2926:  Hagios Sabas 676 - Revelation and Praxapostolos (This was catalogued as a Praxapostolos manuscript, but it begins with the continuous text of Revelation; Acts begins after that.)

            In addition to those 23 continuous-text manuscripts, the collection from the Saint Sabbas Monastery includes the following lectionaries: 
The first and last page
of Revelation in GA 2926


Hagios Sabas 360 - Evangelion (Weird script in the preface – stylized Georgian?)

            Another collection held at the Jerusalem Patriarchate is categorized as the Panagios Taphu collection, and it, too, includes some New Testament manuscripts, listed here with embedded links:

GA 1318:  Panagios Taphu 46 - Four Gospels (Neatly written.  Merits closer study.)
GA 1321:  Panagios Taphu 49 - Four Gospels (Some pages from a lectionary at the beginning)
GA 1325:  Panagios Taphu 62 Four Gospels (Made in 1724 – Greek and Modern Turkish Greek)

            Besides the 15 continuous-text manuscripts listed above, the Panagios Taphu collection also includes the following nine lectionaries: 

Panagios Taphu 33 - Evangelion (900’s/1000’s) (Elaborately executed)
Panagios Taphu 43 - Praxapostolos (Damaged; text begins in Acts 12)
Panagios Taphu 530 - Evangelion (made in 1744 – Greek and modern Turkish Greek)

[A couple of manuscripts were in the Checklist of manuscripts in the Jerusalem Patriarchate’s holdings, but I could not find photographs of them:  Hagios Sabas 413 (GA 1344, a manuscript of the Gospels) and Hagios Sabas 154 (an Evangelion).]


Thanks to the Library of Congress for making these images available.  Thanks, too, to Peter Montero and Peter Gurry for sharing the news about their release. 

Saturday, May 6, 2017

Greek New Testament Manuscripts at Saint Catherine's Monastery

            The Museum of the Bible is scheduled to open in Washington, D.C. in November of 2017 – but did you know that there is already a major collection of images of 200 Bible manuscripts in that city?  Well, there is!  It’s in the archives of the Library of Congress.  Researcher Alin Suciu recently pointed out that an important part of those archives, containing images of the manuscript-collection at Saint Catherine’s Monastery (at Mount Sinai in the Sinai Peninsula), has been made available to view online. 

            These images – mostly black and white photographs and microfilm – are the results of a very thorough project that was undertaken in the 1940’s and 1950’s at the monastery.  Biblical texts, patristic writings, liturgical texts, ceremonial chants, service-books, and manuscripts of other kinds were all included.  The Library of Congress Photoduplication Service, the American Foundation for the Study of Man, and the Farouk I University (now the University of Alexandria) were the institutional sponsors. 
The Thomas Jefferson Building,
home of the Library of Congress.
            Here is a list of New Testament manuscripts in the Library of Congress’ collection of manuscript-images from St. Catherine’s Monastery (along with a few other interesting manuscripts).  Each continuous-text manuscript is identified by its catalog-number at Saint Catherine’s as recorded in the Library of Congress archives and by its Gregory-Aland identification number (if it has one).  Embedded links lead to the images themselves.  Occasionally I have included both a link to a manuscript’s main access-page and to a page-image with a particularly interesting feature, or (in cases where there is an abundance of preliminary material) to the beginning of the Biblical text. 
            Only a few Psalters are included in this list, but readers should be aware that Greek Psalters often are supplemented with Odes which include selections from the opening chapters of Luke.   
            A note about terminology:  Four Gospels and Letters of Paul and New Testament describe a continuous-text manuscript.  Evangelion, Praxapostolos, and Apostolos describe lectionaries.   

Psalm 1.   Uncial script begins on Image 57.


         
            
          




(Quatrefoil framework for Ad Carpian, elaborate canon-tables, and arched miniatures.)













            
          



           
















            


MS 191 (GA 1228): Four Gospels (fragmentary):        


         




            


            


           
             
             



Exquisite frontispiece.


Sloping uncial script.  Assigned to the 700’s.

Sloping uncial script for main text; 
upright for rubrics.  (Take a close look; some pages are recycled.)

Sloping uncial script.  Assigned to the 600’s.

Uncials; some lettering is drawn.  
Some initials are very large and elaborate.  
Made in 967.

Uncial script.

Upright uncial script.






























            












         

            





MS 269 (GA 1250):  New Testament.  
             
MS 270 (GA 1251):  New Testament (a remarkably tidy script.)    








                                           























             
(The second part has selections from the ends of the Gospels)

Similarities in a full-page illustration suggest a relationship to GA 157.


The opening pages display a sloping uncial script.

Sloping uncial script.

Sloping uncial script.

Beautiful early minuscule  script.








MS 1592:  Evangelion (made in 1563)  


           
            

MS 1993:  Four Gospels (made in 1555)  
           
           






Royal manuscript, with illustrations.

           
Also: 

MS 1187:   Old Testament History.  Abundantly illustrated.
           
Arabic MS 124:  Evangelion  (This text is Greek.)
          
Arabic MS 172:  Apostolos  (This text is Greek.)
            (Praxapostolos?):  
           A fly-leaf may constitute a separate Greek fragment-manuscript.

●●●●●●●

Each Greek manuscript’s page-views can be accessed by clicking on the embedded links above.  With a little experimentation, you will see that the Library of Congress site allows you to download images, and to view the page-views in several ways (as lists, or in a grid, for example).  Even though these are black and white pictures, they are good pictures nevertheless.  This collection of almost 200 Greek manuscripts (and there many more, if one were to include the liturgical texts that have Scripture-passages in them) should be a useful resource for years and years to come.