Lectionary 1043 is a fragment assigned to the 400s, making it among the earliest lectionaries in existence. It resides in Vienna at the Austrian National Library (P.Vindob. G 2324). It contains, in whole or in part, ten lections from the Gospels: (1) from the end of Mt. 7:16-7:20 (2) Mt. 10:39 to the end of 10:43 (2) Mt 10:37-42 (3) from Mt. 3:7-3:12 (end of Sect 12) (4) Mt 3:13-17, (5) Mt 7:13 - (6) Mk. 6:(18)-6:29 (7) Lk. 2:1-20 (8) Lk. 11:27-32 (9) Lk. 24:36 - ??? (10) Jn. 20:2-13.
(1) MATTHEW 7
1. Mt 7:19 – OUN
X. Mt 10:37 – uncontracted UION
2. Mt 10:41 – LHMPSETAI
3. Mt 10:41 – LHMPSETAI
4. Mt 10:42 – EAN
In this lection we see Alexandrian orthography in 10:41, an agreement with the Byzantine text (and 01 and 019) in 10:42, and an agreement with 019 in verse 19.
(2) MATTHEW 3
5. Mt. 3:7 - AUTOU is absent, as in 01 and 03.
6. Mt. 3:10 - begins HDH DE KAI H as in the Byzantine Text, disagreeing with 01 03 05 032)
7. Mt 3:10 - the very rare reading TO before PUR
8. Mt 3:11 - UMAS BAPTISMA, agreeing with 01 032 and family 1.9. Mt 3:11 - AUTOU after UPODHMATA
10. Mt 3:11 - includes KAI PURI
11. Mt 3:14 - IWANNHS is absent after O DE, agreeing with 01 and 03.
12. Mt 3:16 - BAPTISQEIS DE, agreeing with 01 and 03 instead of the Byzantine KAI BAPTISQEIS
13. Mt 3:16 - agrees with 01 and 03 in the word-order of EUTHUS ANEBH
14. Mt 3:16 - HNEWCHQHSAN before OI OURANOI, agreeing with 03.
15, 16. Mt 3:16 - TO PNA TOU, agreeing with the Byzantine text in both the inclusion of TO and the inclusion of TOU
X. Mt 3:17 - UION is not contracted
17. - Mt 3:17 - HUDOKHSA, agreeing with C L P W 118 and a correction in 01.
(3) MATTHEW 4:23-5:12
18. - 4:23 – EN OLH TH GALILAIA
19. - 4:24 – includes KAI before DAIMONIZOMENOUS
20. 5:1 – PROSHLQON
21. 5:2 – E before TO STOMA
22. 5:2 – ENDIDASKEN (?)
23. 5:3 – AUTON
24. 5:6 – PINWNTES
X. 5:8 – uncontracted QEON
25. 5:9 – does not have AUTOI after OTI
26. 5:10 – has THS after ENEKEN (agreeing with Codex C)
27. 5:11 – does not have RHMA
28. 5:11 –only has PSEUDOMENOI after ENEKEN EMOU(5) MATTHEW 7
29. 7:13 –DIERCHOMENOI
30. 7:14 – OTI [no DE]
31. 7:15 – DE
32. 7:16 – STAPHULAS
Up to this point Lectionary 1043 is roughly twice as Alexandrian as it is Byzantine: seven readings are Byzantine, eleven are Alexandrian, and thirteen favor neither the Alexandrian nor the Byzantine text. But in Mark 6 we see a startling shift in favor of the Alexandrian text:
(6) MARK 6
34. 6:21 – EPOIHSEN (not EPOIEI) (with 01 03 019)
36. 6:22 –HRESEN (P45 and Byz: αρεσάσης) (with 01 03 019)
37. 6:23 – AUTH (not POLLA) – (notice the conflation in UBS)
38. 6:23 – AN (not EAN) (with 05)
39. 6:23 – O DE BASILEUS EIPEN (Byz & P45: ειπεν ο βασιλευς) (with 01 03 019)
40. 6:24 –AITHSWMAI (with 01 03 019)
41. 6:24 –BAPTIZONTOS (with 01 03 019)
42. 6:25–EUQUS (with 01 03)
43. 6:25 –ECHAUTHS DWS MOI (with 01 03 019)
44. :26 –SUNANAKEIMENOUS (with 05 Byz)
45. 6:27 –EUQUS (with 01 03 019)
46. 6:27 –KAIPHALHN
47. 6:28 –KAI (not O DE) (with 03)
48. 6:28–TW before KORASION
(8) LUKE 11
49. 27 – FWNHN GUNH
50. 28 –MENOUN GE
51. 29 – ZHTEI
52. 29 – does not have TOU PROFHTOU
53. 30 –TOIS NINEUITAIS SHMEION
(9) LUKE 24
54. 36 – LOUNTWN (missing LA-)
55. 36 – does not include O IHSOUS
(10) JOHN 20
56. 6 – KAI after OUN
57. 10 – TOUS after PROS (instead of AUTOUS or EAUTOUS)
58. 11 – MNHMEIW (instead of MNHMEION)
59. 11 – EXW KLAIOUSA
Out of 59 notable readings, when the 18 miscellaneous readings that are not supported by the flagship MSS of any text-type are set aside, the remaining 41 variation-units produce these simple ratios: 29/41 Alexandrian (70.7%) and 8/41 (19.5%) Byzantine.
Alexandrian dominance is particularly stunning in Mark 6. A future post zooming in on Mark Mk. 6:19-6:29 is planned. In the meantime, the strong affinity of Lectionary 1043 with the Alexandrian text should be noted, as well as two remarkable readings: AUTHS in Mark 6:22 and EUDOKIA in Luke 2:14 - diverging from 01 and 03!
The non-contraction of UION and QEON in Lectionary 1043 suggests an extraordinarily ancient production-date for its exemplar.
Lectionary 1043 should be treated as a witness of the first order in future compilations of the text of the Gospels.
This post is dedicated to the memory of James Roth.
9 comments:
Forgive me being confused, but this post seems to alternate between statements about two separate MSS. What link are you making between the BL Add MS 19392B and the Austrian NL one? What am I missing?
This post is about the lectionary in Austria.
So, again, forgive me, but how does Lect. 1053 fit in? Are they a family?
Thank you, James, for this. I look forward to your thoughts on Mark 6, a key passage for WH, I think. I think that 1053 at the end is a typo for 1043.
So on balance, how does it affect our understanding of the Byzantine vs Alexandrian debate? Is Alexandrian generally to be preferred, with a larger subset than the mainstream would acknowledge, of Byzantine readings also likely from the autographs?
Hi James. I see you have altered the misprunt at the start, replacing 1053 with 1043, but 1053 is still (as of 08.04.25 21:52hrs BST) lurking in the penultimate paragraph . I am sorry you didn't pick up on my subtle hints to the same :-)
Thanks; it's improved now.
There was simply an orthographic error; lectionary 1043 is the focus throughout.
It provides a nice counterweight against preferring the currently adopted readings (in NA/UBS) at Mk 6:22 and Lk 2:14. The larger issues of Alexandrian verses Byzantine as a whole aren't impacted much. Lectionary 1043 shows that some readings usually assumed to be Byzantine were in the Alexandrian transmission-line very early.
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